Systematic Literature Review Pengembangan Kurikulum Adaptif Sekolah Dasar Di Era Digital
Keywords:
adaptive curriculum, elementary school, digital era, inclusive education, educational technology.Abstract
The rapid development of digital technology requires education systems, particularly at the elementary level, to adapt their curricula to meet the demands of the 21st century. This study aims to identify trends, approaches, models, challenges, and opportunities in the development of adaptive curricula through a Systematic Literature Review (SLR). The review analyzed scholarly articles published between 2013 and 2025, focusing on elementary schools in Indonesia. Findings indicate that adaptive curriculum development is commonly carried out through the integration of information and communication technology (ICT), material modification, media, and evaluation methods, as well as the application of inclusive principles. Major obstacles include limited digital infrastructure, low teacher digital literacy, and regional disparities between urban and rural schools. Nevertheless, adaptive curricula have proven effective in enhancing student engagement and comprehension. This study offers policy recommendations for inclusive, technology-based educational reforms and highlights the need to strengthen teacher capacity in addressing digital challenges in elementary education.
Keywords: adaptive curriculum, elementary school, digital era, inclusive education, educational technology.
Abstrak
Perkembangan teknologi digital yang pesat menuntut sistem pendidikan, khususnya di tingkat sekolah dasar, untuk menyesuaikan kurikulum agar lebih adaptif terhadap kebutuhan abad ke-21. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi tren, pendekatan, model, tantangan, dan peluang dalam pengembangan kurikulum adaptif berbasis digital melalui metode Systematic Literature Review (SLR). Kajian dilakukan terhadap berbagai artikel ilmiah yang diterbitkan antara tahun 2013 hingga 2025, dengan fokus pada sekolah dasar di Indonesia. Hasil telaah menunjukkan bahwa pengembangan kurikulum adaptif banyak dilakukan melalui integrasi teknologi informasi dan komunikasi (TIK), modifikasi materi, media, dan metode evaluasi, serta penerapan prinsip inklusivitas. Kendala yang umum ditemui mencakup keterbatasan infrastruktur digital, rendahnya kompetensi digital guru, serta disparitas wilayah antara sekolah di perkotaan dan pedesaan. Meski demikian, kurikulum adaptif terbukti meningkatkan partisipasi dan pemahaman siswa terhadap materi ajar. Hasil studi ini memberikan rekomendasi kebijakan pendidikan berbasis teknologi yang inklusif dan kontekstual, serta mendorong penguatan kapasitas guru dalam menghadapi tantangan digitalisasi pendidikan dasar.
Kata Kunci: Kurikulum Adaptif, Sekolah Dasar, Era Digital, Pendidikan Inklusif, Teknologi Pendidikan.
Downloads
References
Ariani, D. (2022). Implementasi Kurikulum Adaptif di Sekolah Inklusi: Sebuah Studi Kasus. Jurnal Pendidikan Khusus, 18(2), 145–157.
Farichah, N., Amin, M., & Huda, N. (2025). Strategi Adaptasi Kurikulum Inklusif di Era Digital. Jurnal Pendidikan Inklusif, 12(1), 510–522.
Ihsan, F. (2001). Dasar-dasar Kependidikan. Jakarta: Rineka Cipta.
Mardiana, A., & Khoiri, A. (2021). Adaptasi Kurikulum di Sekolah Inklusi Kabupaten Melawi. Jurnal Pendidikan dan Kesejahteraan Sosial, 7(1), 66–78.
Nolker, H., & Schoenfeldt, E. (1983). Curriculum Development and Evaluation. New York: McGraw-Hill.
Pasha, I., Ramdani, R., & Nuraini, L. (2023). Modifikasi Kurikulum dan Pembelajaran di Sekolah Dasar Inklusif. Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan Dasar, 11(2), 89–101.
Prayogo, H., & Sholikhati, A. (2021). Kurikulum Inklusif pada Masa Pandemi di Yogyakarta: Analisis Praktik Adaptasi. Jurnal Pendidikan Khusus Indonesia, 9(3), 210–223.
Sukmadinata, N.S. (2005). Pengembangan Kurikulum: Teori dan Praktik. Bandung: Remaja Rosdakarya.
Triandini, T., Maimunah, S., & Rahman, F. (2019). Penerapan Metode Systematic Literature Review dalam Riset Pendidikan. Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan, 21(4), 245–256.
Aulia, N., Iskandar, S., Mutiah, A., & Naziha, P. F. (2025). Konsep dan implementasi pendekatan Deep Learning di Sekolah Dasar. Pendas: Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Dasar, 10(2), 1661–1672.
Casal-Otero, L., Catala, A., Fernández-Morante, C., Taboada, M., Cebreiro, B., & Barro, S. (2023). AI literacy in K–12: A systematic literature review. International Journal of STEM Education, 10(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40594-023-00418-7
Chiu, T. K. F., Xia, Q., Zhou, X., Chai, C. S., & Cheng, M. (2023). Systematic literature review on opportunities, challenges, and future research recommendations of artificial intelligence in education. Computers and Education: Artificial Intelligence, 4, 100118. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.caeai.2022.100118
Goodfellow, I., Bengio, Y., & Courville, A. (2015). Deep Learning. MIT Press. https://www.deeplearningbook.org/
Halawa, S., Lin, T. C., & Hsu, Y. S. (2024). Exploring instructional design in K-12 STEM education: A systematic literature review. International Journal of STEM Education, 11(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40594-024-00503-5
Hidayat, A. G., & Haryati, T. (2025). Analysis of learning effectiveness using the Deep Learning approach in elementary schools. Kurikula: Jurnal Pendidikan, 9(2), 126–139. https://doi.org/10.56997/kurikula.v9i2.2083
Holmes, W., Bialik, M., & Fadel, C. (2019). Artificial intelligence in education. Center for Curriculum Redesign. https://curriculumredesign.org/
Jeon, M., Jantaraweragul, K., Ottenbreit-Leftwich, A., Hmelo-Silver, C., Glazewski, K., Mott, B., Lester, J., & Ringstaff, C. (2024). Inquiry-based artificial intelligence curriculum for upper elementary students: A design case of PrimaryAI. International Journal of Designs for Learning, 15(3), 94–108. https://doi.org/10.14434/ijdl.v15i3.36757
Kurniawan, G., Khairunnisa, E., & Winda, E. (2024). Implementation of blended learning in science education at elementary schools: A systematic literature review. International Journal of Elementary School, 1, 52–60. http://journal.staisni.ac.id/index.php/ijes/article/view/77
Nurul, A., & Aulia, N. (2025). Konsep dan implementasi pendekatan Deep Learning di Sekolah Dasar. Pendas: Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Dasar, 10(2), 1661–1672.
Ow-Yeong, Y. K., Yeter, I. H., & Ali, F. (2023). Learning data science in elementary school mathematics: A comparative curriculum analysis. International Journal of STEM Education, 10(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40594-023-00397-9
Sanusi, I. T., Oyelere, S. S., Vartiainen, H., Suhonen, J., & Tukiainen, M. (2023). A systematic review of teaching and learning machine learning in K-12 education. Education and Information Technologies, 28(5), 5073–5102. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-022-11416-7
Schmidhuber, J. (2015). Deep Learning in neural networks: An overview. Neural Networks, 61, 85–117. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neunet.2014.09.003
Silfiya, S., & Siagian, I. (2024). Penggunaan teknologi dalam dunia pendidikan tanpa menghilangkan nilai-nilai sosial. Journal on Education, 7(1), 2554–2568.
Singgih, M. (2025). Utilization of models in reading literacy learning in elementary schools: A systematic literature review. Journal of Education and Evaluation, 9(2), 3795–3805. https://doi.org/10.31949/jee.v9i2.13765
Wijayanti, A., Dwiningrum, S. I. A., & Saptono, B. (2024). Digital literacy in elementary schools post COVID-19: A systematic literature review. International Journal of Learning, Teaching and Educational Research, 23(12), 96–112. https://doi.org/10.26803/ijlter.23.12.6
Yim, I. H. Y., & Su, J. (2025). Artificial intelligence literacy education in primary schools: A review. International Journal of Technology and Design Education. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10798-025-09979-w
Zawacki-Richter, O., Marín, V. I., Bond, M., & Gouverneur, F. (2019). Systematic review of research on artificial intelligence applications in higher education—Where are the educators? International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education, 16(1), 1–27. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41239-019-0171-0
Downloads
-
PDF FULL TEXT
Abstract Dilihat : 15 Kali , Download: 14 Kali
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Triyani, Keriyah, Liyana Sunanto (Author)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
