Governance Transnasional Tahta Suci dalam Tata Kelola Dunia Multipolar: Analisis Kelembagaan, Instrumen Kebijakan, dan Otoritas Moral

Authors

  • ID Obi Pratama Hubungan Internasional, Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Bisnis, Universitas Wanita Internasional Indonesia Author

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.66914/tv1bny08

Keywords:

Administrasi Publik Transnasional, Dunia Multipolar, Otoritas Moral, Tahta Suci, Tata Kelola Jaringan., Holy See, Moral Authority, Multipolar World, Network Governance, Transnational Public Administration.

Abstract

The legitimacy crisis of state-centric global governance in a contemporary multipolar world demands the emergence of alternative non-territorial actors. The Holy See stands out as an institutional anomaly, operating as a resilient transnational governance apparatus without relying on military or economic coercive instruments. This study aims to analyze the bureaucratic anatomy and effectiveness of the Holy See’s global policy implementation through the theoretical lenses of Network Governance, Transnational Public Administration, and Institutional Legitimacy (lex imperfecta). A qualitative approach utilizing a single instrumental case study design was employed. Secondary data, including papal encyclicals (Laudato Si’ and Fratelli Tutti), official diplomatic archives, and contemporary institutional developments up to 2026, were analyzed using Qualitative Document Analysis integrated with the Institutional Analysis Framework. The findings reveal that the Roman Curia functions as a transnational rational-legal bureaucratic machine that combines centralized policy formulation with network-based decentralized execution via the principle of subsidiarity. Papal encyclicals act as substantive transnational policy papers capable of shaping global regulatory agendas, as demonstrated by the Holy See's ethics intervention regarding Artificial Intelligence (AI) at the G7 Summit. Policy compliance is secured by converting moral authority into structural power, reinforced by sophisticated governance communication-such as the formal integration of the Indonesian language into Vatican News in 2026 to consolidate its network in the Indo-Pacific region. This study offers a radical novelty by expanding the locus of Public Administration and Governance disciplines beyond domestic-territorial boundaries.

Keywords: Holy See, Moral Authority, Multipolar World, Network Governance, Transnational Public Administration.

 

 

 

Abstrak

Krisis legitimasi tata kelola global berbasis negara dalam tatanan dunia multipolar menuntut kehadiran aktor alternatif non-teritorial. Tahta Suci muncul sebagai anomali institusional yang beroperasi sebagai aparatus tata kelola transnasional yang andal tanpa bersandar pada instrumen koersif militer atau ekonomi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis anatomi birokrasi dan efektivitas implementasi kebijakan global Tahta Suci menggunakan pisau analisis teori Tata Kelola Jaringan (Network Governance), Administrasi Publik Transnasional, dan Legitimasi Kelembagaan (lex imperfecta). Metode yang digunakan adalah kualitatif dengan desain studi kasus instrumental tunggal. Data sekunder berupa Ensiklik kepausan (Laudato Si’ dan Fratelli Tutti), dokumen diplomatik resmi, dan dinamika kelembagaan mutakhir tahun 2026 dianalisis menggunakan teknik Analisis Dokumen Kualitatif yang diintegrasikan dengan Kerangka Analisis Institusional. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Kuria Roma berfungsi sebagai mesin birokrasi rasional-legal transnasional yang mengombinasikan formulasi kebijakan terpusat dengan desentralisasi berbasis jaringan melalui prinsip subsidiaritas. Dokumen Ensiklik bertindak sebagai instrumen kebijakan publik transnasional substantif (policy papers) yang mampu memengaruhi agenda regulasi dunia, seperti intervensi etika Kecerdasan Buatan (AI) pada KTT G7. Kepatuhan kebijakan (policy compliance) dicapai melalui utilisasi otoritas moral sebagai kekuasaan struktural, yang diperkuat oleh kecanggihan komunikasi pemerintahan (governance communication) berupa integrasi Bahasa Indonesia pada Vatican News tahun 2026 untuk memperluas jangkauan jaringan di kawasan Indo-Pasifik. Penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi kebaruan radikal dengan memperluas lokus disiplin Ilmu Pemerintahan melampaui batas domestik-teritorial negara-bangsa, sekaligus menyediakan fondasi konseptual makro bagi studi tata kelola transnasional masa depan.

Kata Kunci: Administrasi Publik Transnasional, Dunia Multipolar, Otoritas Moral, Tahta Suci, Tata Kelola Jaringan.

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Published

2026-05-31

Issue

Vol. 2 No. 5 (2026): Sinergi: Jurnal Ilmiah Multidisiplin

Section

Articles

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Copyright (c) 2026 Obi Pratama (Author)

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