Implementasi Kewenangan Intelkam Polres Bogor dalam Deteksi Dini Unjuk Rasa Ditinjau dari Prinsip Hak Asasi Manusia

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the implementation of the authority held by the Intelligence and Security Unit (Intelkam) of the Bogor District Police regarding the early detection of public demonstrations, in accordance with statutory regulations, and to assess its alignment with principles of human rights and freedom of expression. The study employs an empirical-juridical method utilizing statutory, conceptual, and case-based approaches. Data were gathered through interviews, observations, document reviews, and an analysis of three demonstration cases in Cigudeg, Galuga, and Rengasjajar. The findings indicate that Intelkam’s authority has been implemented through the receipt of protest notifications, information gathering, situational analysis, coordination with relevant parties, reporting to superiors, and security support. From a normative perspective, this implementation rests on a clear legal basis and aims to maintain public security and order without infringing upon citizens' rights to express their opinions. However, empirically, the implementation has not been fully optimal. Weaknesses are particularly evident regarding personnel limitations, information quality, inter-agency coordination, and the insufficient application of necessity, proportionality, and accountability principles during escalating situations. Thus, while the early detection activities conducted by the Bogor District Police Intelkam are normatively consistent with human rights principles, practical execution requires strengthening to ensure greater effectiveness, proportionality, and accountability.

Keywords: Bogor District Police Intelkam, Early Detection, Public Demonstrations, Human Rights.

Abstrak

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis implementasi kewenangan Intelkam Polres Bogor dalam melakukan deteksi dini unjuk rasa berdasarkan ketentuan perundang-undangan serta menilai kesesuaiannya dengan prinsip hak asasi manusia dan kebebasan berpendapat. Penelitian menggunakan metode yuridis empiris dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan, konseptual, dan kasus. Data diperoleh melalui wawancara, observasi, studi dokumen, serta analisis terhadap tiga kasus unjuk rasa di Cigudeg, Galuga, dan Rengasjajar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kewenangan Intelkam telah diimplementasikan melalui penerimaan pemberitahuan aksi, pengumpulan informasi, analisis situasi, koordinasi dengan pihak terkait, pelaporan kepada pimpinan, dan dukungan terhadap pengamanan. Secara normatif, pelaksanaan tersebut memiliki dasar hukum yang jelas dan diarahkan untuk menjaga keamanan serta ketertiban umum tanpa menghilangkan hak warga negara untuk menyampaikan pendapat. Namun, secara empiris implementasinya belum sepenuhnya optimal. Kelemahan terutama tampak pada keterbatasan personel, kualitas informasi, koordinasi antarunsur, serta belum kuatnya aspek necessity, proportionality, dan accountability dalam situasi eskalatif. Dengan demikian, pelaksanaan deteksi dini oleh Intelkam Polres Bogor secara normatif telah sejalan dengan prinsip HAM, tetapi pada tataran praktik masih memerlukan penguatan agar lebih efektif, proporsional, dan akuntabel.

Kata Kunci: Intelkam Polres Bogor, Deteksi Dini, Unjuk rasa, dan HAM.