Implementasi Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) Berbasis Odoo Pada UMKM Konveksi Sepatu Kulit: Studi Kasus UMKM X

Abstract

Usaha Mikro, Kecil, dan Menengah (UMKM) menghadapi tantangan besar dalam mengelola proses bisnis secara efisien akibat masih tingginya ketergantungan pada pencatatan manual, khususnya pada UMKM berbasis manufaktur seperti konveksi sepatu kulit. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis kesenjangan (gap) antara kondisi aktual (as-is) dan kondisi yang diharapkan (to-be) pada UMKM X, serta merancang strategi implementasi sistem Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) berbasis Odoo untuk mengatasi permasalahan tersebut. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus, meliputi observasi lapangan, wawancara dengan pemilik dan karyawan, gap analysis pada 16 tahapan proses bisnis, penentuan bobot kriteria prioritas dengan metode Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), serta perancangan modul ERP. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa UMKM X mengalami kesenjangan signifikan pada delapan indikator utama, di antaranya frekuensi stockout mencapai 8-12 kali per tahun, akurasi stok hanya 85-90%, deviasi perhitungan Harga Pokok Produksi (HPP) mencapai 25-40%, serta belum tersedianya sistem monitoring produksi secara real-time. Kesenjangan tersebut menimbulkan potensi kerugian operasional yang diperkirakan mencapai puluhan juta rupiah per bulan. Sebagai solusi, diusulkan implementasi sepuluh modul ERP Odoo (Inventory, Manufacturing, Sales, Purchase, Website, Payroll, Accounting, Point of Sale, Employee, dan CRM) dengan strategi implementasi bertahap (phased implementation) selama 22 minggu (skema lisensi Odoo Standard) dengan total estimasi biaya Rp32.040.000. Hasil analisis kelayakan investasi menunjukkan estimasi penghematan operasional sebesar Rp39.000.000 per bulan, dengan Return on Investment (ROI) tahun pertama sebesar 1.360,7% dan payback period selama 0,82 bulan. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa implementasi ERP berbasis Odoo secara bertahap merupakan strategi yang paling sesuai bagi UMKM X karena memiliki risiko implementasi yang lebih rendah, kemudahan adaptasi pengguna, serta tingkat pengembalian investasi yang sangat menguntungkan.

Kata Kunci: ERP; Odoo; UMKM; Gap Analysis; Analytic Hierarchy Process; Return on Investment

Abstract

Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) face significant challenges in managing business processes efficiently due to continued reliance on manual record-keeping, particularly in manufacturing-based MSMEs such as leather shoe convection businesses. This study aims to analyze the gap between the actual condition (as-is) and the expected condition (to-be) at MSME X, and to design an implementation strategy for an Odoo-based Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) system to address these issues. The research method used is descriptive qualitative with a case study approach, involving field observation, interviews with the owner and employees, gap analysis across 16 business process stages, criteria weighting using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), and ERP module design. The results indicate significant gaps across eight key indicators, including a stockout frequency of 8-12 times per year, stock accuracy of only 85-90%, a Cost of Goods Manufactured (COGM) deviation of 25-40%, and the absence of a real-time production monitoring system. These gaps generate substantial potential operational losses estimated at tens of millions of rupiah per month. As a solution, the implementation of ten Odoo ERP modules (Inventory, Manufacturing, Sales, Purchase, Website, Payroll, Accounting, Point of Sale, Employee, and CRM) is proposed using a phased implementation strategy over 22 weeks (Odoo Standard licensing scheme) with a total estimated cost of IDR 32,040,000. The investment feasibility analysis shows an estimated operational saving of IDR 39,000,000 per month, with a first-year Return on Investment (ROI) of 1,360.7% and a payback period of 0.82 months. This study concludes that a phased Odoo-based ERP implementation is the most suitable strategy for MSME X due to its lower implementation risk, easier user adaptation, and highly favorable return on investment.

Keywords: ERP; Odoo; MSME; Gap Analysis; Analytic Hierarchy Process; Return on Investment